Portugal is a country deeply marked by the presence of forests; approximately 35% of its territory is covered by forested areas. However, every summer, fires once again threaten communities, ecosystems, and our natural heritage. One of the most effective and sustainable ways to combat this problem is through the use of native plants in the recovery and management of Portuguese forests.
The power of native species
Native species, those that originate from our territory, such as the cork oak, the holm oak, the oak, the strawberry tree or the chestnut tree, are naturally adapted to the climate, soil and water regime of Portugal.
This means that:
- They require less water and maintenance;
- They are more resistant to fire and drought;
- They regenerate more easily after a fire.
Furthermore, the presence of these species creates a less flammable environment than fast-growing monocultures, such as eucalyptus or maritime pine, which accumulate more dry biomass and propagate fire with greater intensity.
Mixed species: diversity that protects
The diversification of plantations is another key factor in preventing and delaying fires. So-called cross-planting, where various species of trees and shrubs coexist, creates forest mosaics with different degrees of humidity, heights, and densities.
This type of management:
- It slows down the spread of flames;
- It improves the ecological balance;
- It increases the forest's resilience to pests, diseases, and extreme weather events.
By promoting a mix of native species, the local fauna—birds, insects, mammals, and reptiles—that depend on these diverse habitats to survive are also preserved. It's a natural cycle that reinforces itself: more biodiversity means more balance and less vulnerability to fire.
Additional benefits: nutritional and economic value.
Native forests are not only allies in fire prevention, they also offer valuable resources for humans.
From these landscapes are born:
- Wild mushrooms, rich in flavor and nutrients;
- Chestnuts and acorns, with gastronomic and economic potential;
- Berries, honey, and aromatic plants enrich the diet and the local economy.
Investing in this type of forest is therefore a two-pronged investment: environmental and economic, capable of generating sustainable income for rural communities and contributing to keeping populations in the interior of the country.
A stronger forest, a safer future.
Reforesting Portugal with native species and promoting plant diversity is one of the smartest strategies to reduce the risk and impact of forest fires.
Each native tree planted is a step towards a more balanced, more productive and safer forest, a forest that protects, nourishes and endures.
Together we are stronger.
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